Fpga explained reddit With that said, do they have side interests in PCB design, software, embedded software DSP, control systems. This isn't just about improving performance – I'm also doing this for fun and to learn something new. ) Of course, that doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t use enables to block toggling of unused FF banks, it’s just that you don’t have the benefit of clock power savings, only the data toggling benefit. The two kingdoms methodology, where you define a virtual class in a package with the API defined, but not the actual implementation, then allows you to pass this API interface driver class to a sequence item, which then allows the item to be sent over any interface. The operations then "Ping Pong", and the writing is to Block-B while the reading is from Block-A. A 4-input, 1-output lookup table implies that the lookup table takes four input signals and produces a single output signal. ). dynamic power is due to switching action. 5 tokens/sec on a VHK158 FPGA, alongside big gains in power efficiency and with "minimum perplexity influence". The only logic values that can be synthesized on the FPGA fabric are 0 and 1. I find FPGAs extremely interesting and cool, and semiconductor design is a field that I am potentially interested in pursuing. I've verified this too. another FPGA) then you have to set both sides of the constraints, you may decide to take the available time, divide by 2 and subtract a bit for extra slack. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL Since you are in the FPGA Reddit, I assume you are talking about hiring an FPGA developer. So, if you program an FPGA to recreate a 6502, it functionally becomes a 6502 processor. Meaning, it will be easy to move this onto a small form factor FPGA (2. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL Members Online iCEcube2 (Lattice FPGA build tools) are free again for hobbyists, start-ups, and educators! Every single youtube video and online websites they explain race condition as toggling of Q and Q* when CLK = 1. By correctly I mean you will use the input/output delays and use IOB resources (IOB flops, IDDR, ODDR, ISERDES, ISERDES) as they have fixed placement and clocking resources. I'm not going to get into the difference between wire and reg, because honestly it's a pile of crap and I haven't used it for ag Can someone help to explain what is a source synchronous system and is there any difference in drafting constraints for source synchronous clocking compared to system synchronous clocking? Know that you arnt supposed to know the answer to everything, but you should explain your thought process and explain what your next steps would be if you don't know something. The toy car's gonna be a sturdier and look more like a real car, but you can turn your lego car into a truck or motorcycle or whatever, so sometimes it's more fun to play with legos. An FPGA contains many components that you can connect in clever ways, but you can do so by programming the FPGA, without having to solder anything. In Vivado, you get 3 steps: Elaboration, synthesis, and implementation. Somewhat of a poor mans FIFO. Reading this appears to me that the USB host is only accessible through the hard processor system and likely not usable to the FPGA directly. You must use a dedicated clocking network. In automation, a good example would be a vision preprocessing unit: it takes in raw video data from a camera, applied denoising algorithms, identifies edges and then sends it to a CPU for further processing/decision making, all What you are running into is a similar problem to a question someone posted with Xilinx yesterday (you can look it up, something about transferring data between the PL and the PS) You want to access a streaming peripheral from an Avalon memory mapped system. Longer frames would take more clocks, e. That worked, but why doesn't it work if I change the initial block to an always block? This confirms it was a race condition, but the race condition should cease to be a problem in an always block since a is assigned outside the block, and the block checks it's value all the time. in this way the computer memory can be used as a look up table May 14, 2024 · I've been looking at all available study material on this subject over past few weeks - books, videos, courses, and for some reason I find that they all (with exception of some udemy courses) cover your FPGA/CPLD history and concepts, boolean stuff, HDLs and maybe basics of environments (if you're lucky, Vivado and Quartus. You can think of an FPGA as a 2-D matrix and your logic (aka "programming") gets mapped into points on that matrix by the software on your PC (which could be thought of as a compiler of sorts) Signals (data) typically need to travel from one point of the matrix to some other point. Now I came across the topic of flash-based fpga and was wondering if it may be easier to do it with one of these. ) 10 votes, 46 comments. MiSTer is an open source project that aims to recreate various classic computers, game consoles and arcade machines using modern FPGA based hardware. IIRC that design had a 256 bit bus. I started fresh outta school with no prior experience. - Build a FPGA with array multiplication hardware. In conclusion, FPGA interviews blend theoretical knowledge with practical application. eSRAM is still basically a peripheral, good for cache. Instead, using a HDL like Verilog, someone can take a FPGA and tell it what to do in order to perform like a custom chip, without actually physically fabbing hardware. Hi everyone, I am currently working on a little home project with my FPGA dev board and am trying to design a simple state machine. That is, say I have to talk to some SPI-based ADC. The FPGA is a chip that is reconfigurable - the internals can be connected any way needed to implement the desired logic as a piece of hardware, where the execution can be much faster and (for real-time and high-throughput) the time to execute is known and can be designed around. TLDR: Weak fundamental but can implement algo in HW that kind of works. I work for a small design company that has used FPGA's from Intel and Xilinx. By some definitions, elaboration is actually a part of synthesis. Such as meeting timing, getting the embedded processors working, or getting Linux to run on the cores. Can second. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL All IP user guides that I know of explain how to generate an example design, all free training material, all online videos show you how after configuring your IP, you right click on it and generate the example design with the exact parameter for the core you picked. That is not acceptable for embedded applications. If you don't have any FPGA experience, I don't recommend just jumping into 10G Ethernet or algo design, you will be missing the common elements that all FPGA engineers have. FPGA typically don’t do low level clock gating the way it is done in an ASIC (as in: a few FFs at a time. The only exception to that is when you use a high-impedance ('Z') logic on a signal that goes directly to an I/O pad. It seems that the OP has a number of posts in various programming subreddits that fit a similar profile: OP asks for help with something clearly way beyond their skill set or knowledge level, makes a bunch of absolute claims without actually explaining what they're attempting to really do, and refuses to listen to anyone trying to give them advice or a solution to So, if you can synthesize an FPGA, which can change its circuitry, how come I was able to synthesize on a regular desktop? Only thing I can think of is that either desktops/laptops have some FPGA built in there that Modelsim is using. 51K subscribers in the FPGA community. (Info / ^Contact) FPGA design tools (or logic design tools in general) are getting simpler. So I design an interface in the FPGA that does exactly what the external device needs. I can write RTL modules t Yes, it is possible to ignore the negative hold and simply hold the correct value up until the clock. I am very happy with this career path. That has the advantage that the paths taken by the clock and data signals will be matched inside the FPGA and the skew between them will be lower (over part, temperature, voltage variations, etc. The compiler will convert the logic you have written into a form that is made up of as few as possible 4-input functions as possible. I don't know. Right now I am using the cisco nexus smartnic+ v5p fpga to do this. The 65-63 is +2 which breaks the below explained condition that the answer must be between zero and -7. The low cost FPGA's will have the fewest LUTs, and the most expensive FPGA's the most. I am working in a trading firm to develop a low latency trading system. Or, Modelsim is just merely simulating if my processor was an FPGA. Others that come to mind are for any field of engineering really: unambiguous and succint communication, learning to separate the why's, the what's and the how's (requirements tracing for large systems will help you with that), and being kind and able to put yourself in other people's shoes. You will need two VHDL files ‘fulladd. They design and make available (for purchase, or for free) RTL descriptions of these modules that you can then use in your design. Hey guys! I am a fresher FPGA developer. All you've done is assumed a zero hold time (a more strict constraint), but this is also a reductive way of looking at the issue. The project itself was quite basic but I want to learn more about FPGA design. 47-ish for a 1500 byte frame and 2048-ish for a 64k byte frame. At the moment I did this with an max10 FPGA, by sending messages through UART and saving the values in the UFM via Alteras on-chip library, which works but takes a lot of steps/code. Basically, it is a circuit that can implement any 4-input, 1-output function. I have a few questions for anyone who has experience with FPGAs and high-level programming languages like Java, C#, or Python: A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL The official Python community for Reddit! Stay up to date with the latest news, packages, and meta information relating to the Python programming language. For the source synchronous design that has the output FF in the IOB, make sure the clock output also comes through a FF in the IOB. Look for suggestion/resource on improvement to land a new job. With fpga you make the compute part or soft cpu self evolve to get faster and more efficient or change architectures based on circumstances . This is a massive TL;DR: IP cores let you outsource parts of your design (onboard CPUs, video processors, mp3 decoders etc) to other people. I agree. In large companies I've worked for FPGA designer won't even touch code because there is so much with to do on the hardware side. Both by David Patterson and John Hennessy. However, 65-70 is -5 which satisfies the mentioned condition. Maybe I got lucky, but my mentor trained me pretty well and explained even simple things to me rather than just expecting me to know. That tends to be costly, and extremely difficult. Oct 22, 2024 · use the following search parameters to narrow your results: subreddit:subreddit find submissions in "subreddit" author:username find submissions by "username" site:example. wires getting charged and discharged. A lot of university comp architecture courses are based on these 2 books. to charge a wire or a transistor gate, a small amount of current has to flow. i don't think many people would call uart serdes, even though it is if you ignore speed. there are sets of small amounts of essentially computer memory on the FPGA the memory address is a multiplexer who's output is ANDed together with a read,write signal to a memory "cell" the contents of the memory cell is the output of the unit. Each possible combination of the four input signals corresponds to a specific output value stored in the LUT. It is implemented as a single-cycle combinational logic for one iteration of the hash core, with a total of 65 clocks for the full 512-bit block hash operation. PCIe uses SerDes too, with a twist: each lane has its own serdes and individual bytes are interleaved across the lanes. I'm considering using an FPGA to help speed things up. At the instant when the edge to which the block is sensitive occurs, the simulator "looks" at everything on the right-hand-side of all assignments, works out what the final logic value should be, and when all of them are worked out, the signals on left-hand-sides of those assignments are updated. "Design B: Implement a 4-bit ripple carry adder using structural VHDL. If you program an FPGA to recreate a Z80 or 68000, same story. Someone has linked to this thread from another place on reddit: [r/claytonkb] r/FPGA: Difference between verification and validation If you follow any of the above links, please respect the rules of reddit and don't vote in the other threads. Work as an FPGA Design Engineer. " FPGA's are blank circuits,with quite a few of pre built specialized quirks like DSP slices and block RAM. vhd’ and ‘adder4b. com As the title suggests I am looking for an FPGA board to get started, I am an electronics hobbyist and have been learning other embedded systems and PCB design. A lot of ADCs have wacky digital interface requirements, and shoehorning in a "standard" SPI master is painful. Imagine a fpga like a box of legos. I connected the level shifter"d VA pin to 1. And here's the best part! The day your FPGA started shipping is the last day the drivers were updated for the architecture you chose! That means if your chosen FPGA shipped ten years ago, you only have guaranteed functioning drivers for linux from ten years ago! It's so awesome! LOL. Figuring out the constraints is the complicated part. FPGAs are a subset of logic devices referred to as programmable logic devices (PLDs). This is usually a good way to figure out if someone is excited about engineering in general. REM is even simpler. 8v. It's not just about knowing the components but understanding their implications in real-world scenarios. Using shared routing resources for synchronization is not a good idea in an FPGA. I also explained how I made some LEDs on the board blink at different frequencies by using clock dividers. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL Tools can generally arrange it so that an FPGA can be configured so as to substitute for that hardware. Other values for modelling tri-state busses cannot be synthesized on the FPGA fabric. Line is a bit blurry but for real time stuff you need DSP's or FPGA's and when you have a huge workload you'd go the CPU/GPU route. I picked up FPGA development from work by implementing algorithms and various modules. I've seen a pdf (few pages) that quickly covers most of the synthesizable construct but i still have a lot of doubts ( The use of typedef, packages etc. Let me explain it this way. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a type of configurable integrated circuit that can be repeatedly programmed after manufacturing. skew between lanes is with respect to whole bytes, so no This is not really about FPGA, though. They report a throughput of 92. At the very least it appears that you're looking at writing a program for the HPS to poll the USB and pass the button inputs to the FPGA side. reddit's new API changes kill third party apps that offer accessibility features, mod tools, and other features not found in the first party app. fpga use a type of memory device called a "flip-flop" (they use other type of memory, too). SerDes implies that it is very fast. They give tMSB as a maximum, so you read this as "it could take at most 200 ns for the MSb in the conversion to be valid. However, there are many others that I just can't think of the application/thought process for, and would be very grateful if someone explained with little examples - set_max_delay (extra confused about a use case for this) - set_input_delay and set_output_delay - clock_groups constraints Without an FPGA, every time you try to design a hardware chip, you could go and physically make an ASIC. The learning curve on these devices can be rough. It is a different skill set that is outside of the software world. Fpga is like quantum mechanics , you have infinity to play with. 5mm square) that can fit into very small places, and operate at very low power, not requiring precise, expensive crystals, etc. This looks quite impressive -- an LLM running on an FPGA by a company named infinigence AI. transistor terminals seeing change in voltages. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL A 4 input LUT is a lookup table with 4 inputs. So, for those venturing into FPGA interviews, a holistic grasp, encompassing both the micro-details and the macro applications, is the key. I think a real FPGA works like this. Please review the ripple carry adder for the design. g. I take the opposite approach. It's already been a part the common FPGA memory hierarchy for a long time. For JK flip-flop if J, K and Clock are equal to 1 the state of flip-flop keeps on toggling which leads to uncertainty in determining the output of the flip-flop. A couple of big firms rejected resume saying I'm a better fit for an FPGA role. vhd’ to implement the design. The FPGA has to be configured to perform a task. People won't understand FPGAs. Oct 30, 2024 · The demand for FPGA expertise is growing, particularly in sectors focused on AI, ML, and data science. true. One operation is filling Block-A with data, while another operation would be reading Block-B. Just to further stress the same point, because a lot of people I explain this to in real life don't seem to get it. So, hiring for an FPGA designer is not really comparable to a full stack software engineer in my opinion. FPGA are used whenever you have an application that requires processing that’s too fast to be done by a CPU but at volume too low to warrant making a dedicated chip. Fpga can be a kernel for an os , or multiple oses at the same time. It has been very hard to even start with mac, I don’t find straightforward documentation for it!! I was hoping I can get some useful resources here, thanks in advance! Furthermore the things covered by the book are explained pretty badly. A1 is connected to FPGA's LOANIO19, and B1 is connected to PL2303's RX. It's fine to learn Verilog, but there is an important issue which is that Verilog is only a way to describe processes, and the processes that can be implemented (or implemented efficiently) using an FPGA don't include everything Verilog can express. One alternative to an FPGA is a custom ASIC, these will always perform better and will be cheaper per chip, but to get one developed and manufactured you're looking at a minimum of half a million pounds. It's obliquely explained in the data sheet that you must wait at least tMSB before starting to clock out the sample bits. I learned the basics of how to use VHDL to make a simple calculator. MiSTer utilizes an FPGA development board called the 'DE10-Nano', which connects to your display via HDMI. so in a x8 card, 8 bytes would be in the process of being serialized, one per lane. But high-level synthesis tools can take a task specified in a language like OpenCL and configure the FPGA to perform that task. It does seem weird that its total capacity is smaller than M20K combined, but for routing purposes you need a lot of M20K scattered all around for all the buffers and register files most designs require. - write a sample C program and compile using this LLVM custom compiler - when the executable runs - it executes the array part on the FPGA and rest of the program on the normal CPU OK so to be precise is that if you will do the external interface correctly then it won't affect implementation. Lets say it contains a 100 pieces and a nes needs 20 pieces to make. The analogy my professor used was that an FPGA is like a lego car, and a standard chip is like a toy car. I have a few FPGA verilog books, as well as digital design The FPGA can be configured to do it in the same time on a 48 MHz clock (the pixel clock out of the camera) and using about 100k of ram. Professionals with skills in FPGA design and development are highly sought after, as they can bridge the gap between hardware and software, optimizing systems for performance and efficiency. But to answer your questions: is this a good idea? While yes, you can do this, virtual interfaces then lock you into only being able to send data on that specific interface. For my entry level FPGA interview, I explained my uni project which pretty much implemented a simple state machine to detect a sequence of inputs from switches on BAYS3 board. --- If you have questions or are new to Python use r/LearnPython Once the FPGA layer is working correctly it is very stable and is immune from things like virus scans or the operating system slowing stuff down. Also, note that using 5 flip-flops will allow you to split the input signal by 2^5 = 32. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL On a standard FPGA board (iCEstick, nandland go), all the peripherals are connected to various pins on the FPGA. If you look at for example this paper: The “Chimera”: An Off-The-Shelf CPU/GPGPU/FPGA Hybrid Computing Platform They try to take a widely used algorithm classification system, the so-called Berkeley Dwarves 1,2, and divide these classifications between CPU, GPU and FPGA architectures. All grounds are connected together. Can someone explain the part where it says This is the GV_SHA256, a fast SHA-256 engine (580Mbps @ 74MHz), fully compliant to the NIST FIPS-180-4 SHA-256 approved algorithm. - customize LLVM to offload any array multiplication to this hardware. 3v pin, OE to 1. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL Basic UNIX/Bash and network sysadmin are nice things to have. Why? Because anyone can learn the FPGA flow within a month or two but the same cannot be said for the ASIC flow. It can be programmed to have the same arrangement of logic as whatever chip you want to recreate, within the limits of the FPGA. Hence, if you cannot fit your design into the number of LUTs on the device you have selected, you will likely need to pay more money to fit your design on a bigger device. Flip-flops save data on either a rising edge transition of the clock OR a falling edge transition of the clock but not both. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL Two clocks would be for a minimum length frame of 48 bytes or so. connect it to the laptop using USB (maybe). think about things in terms of electronics and not in terms of software. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL The longer you stay in the FPGA domain, the harder it gets to move to ASIC RTL roles. After a couple of years of the fundamentals, you'll be able to perform the duties of an HFT FPGA engineer, but there will be a learning curve. So you can't get video out just by using Linux on an sd card. Stuff you can also check, have they had a job in the I've long since concluded it's impossible to explain FPGA work to non-engineers. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL. Today you can use some pretty high level description and the synthesizer will make something that is very close to what you might have had in mind. The MCS file is the bitstream file converted and formatted in a certain way to fit in the PROM device plus some synchronization data (eg, the Xilinx magic values and some other things) that allow the FPGA state machine to find a valid configuration image within the PROM. According to the Intel Quartus Timing Analysis manual, Setup slack is calculated as Data Required Time (Setup) minus Data Arrival Time, and Hold slack is calculated as Data Arrival Time minus Data Required Time (Hold). This involved using switches to input values and a seven segment display to output the results. e. Reading data sheets is sometimes an exercise in reading tea leaves. I'm having trouble understanding how to calculate Setup slack and Hold slack correctly. The two basic data types in verilog are "wire" and "reg", however systemverilog replaces those with a single type that can be used everywhere "logic". This and the 'main' "Computer Organization and Design" are essentially the holy grail. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL CSCareerQuestions protests in solidarity with the developers who made third party reddit apps. When you are connecting your FPGA to another chip that you do control (i. It's a programmable chip, different than a CPU is as best as I can get. Essentially, an FPGA is a flexible circuit that contains many many parts, and by deactivating the parts you don't want, what remains is the specialized circuit that you want. I'm in an FPGA, so I can tailor my designs for specific needs. 8v pin on the FPGA, VB to MB102's 3. It is a pile of digital logic. For example, HDMI is connected to the FPGA fabric. The PS/2 input is connected to the FPGA side though. The basics you should know well but no one is expected to know all the things off the bat, however you are expected to know how to proceed. Welcome to r/guitar, a community devoted to the exchange of guitar related information. However, on the DE10-Nano, some of the peripherals are connected to the FPGA fabric and some are connected to the HPS. Usually some block of memory, often an FPGA block RAM. Back in the days, all you could synthesize was RTL with a very restrictive syntax. It wasn’t meant to be a cpu replacement it can be anything you want. A PS2 needs 5000000 pieces to make but your box only has a 100 so you cant replicate it in fpga. Digital systems (including fpga and cpu's), have one or more synchronizing signals called clocks. Most FPGA boards have SRAM chips. This is a forum where guitarists, from novice to experienced, can explore the world of guitar through a variety of media and discussion. I took a course on FPGA design this semester however the FPGA part was quite brief. The state machine is intended to stay in an idle state until the enable goes high (using a slider switch on the board), and then transition through a series of states which turn on LEDs on the board, one at a time. Most scopes use FPGA's for aquisition since they sample a few GigaSamples per second. CPU's work similarly. It runs the software natively, in the original instruction set. An FPGA also cannot "run" OpenCL. A subreddit for programmable hardware, including topics such as: * FPGA * CPLD * Verilog * VHDL Hi, wanted to share my experience with training from Intel and Xilinx on their FPGA's. dbdu xriul vakfmz axojzd bhad lfpzz frun ewoxicn daawjx epldvpm egc wnpbg icfj nsbarw bjqbdsv