Local authorities make a monthly rental payment to your landlord. Some areas Finding your accommodation. You then need to send your completed form to your local authority along with all of the documents needed to assess your case. Generally, security of tenure applies automatically when you have been renting for 6 months and haven’t received a valid notice of termination from your landlord in that time. C. The buyer takes over the landlord’s part of the tenancy agreement. no rent collection necessary -all payments are made electronically. Generally, your landlord can only end a tenancy after the first 6 months if: You do not comply with the obligations of the tenancy, for example, by not paying your rent on time. If you are a new applicant for social housing support, you first need to fill out a Social Housing Support application form which is available from your local authority. I never registered with PRTB. The local authority will make the HAP payment to your landlord on the last Wednesday of each month, subject to certain conditions: You must pay your weekly HAP rent contribution weekly – if not, the HAP will not be paid to your landlord. Apr 17, 2024 · Yes, you can sell a house with tenants living in it. You must be qualified for social housing support by your local authority, which means you must qualify to go onto your local authority housing waiting list. You were considered housed by the council even though you had a private landlord. Agents don’t pay us to be listed, so you get the best match. If you are already on your local authority’s housing list, and are not currently in a form of social housing, you will be eligible for HAP. Give the date the notice is served. Some said HAP tenants could never be reassessed. The program is scheduled to end September 2026 or Paying your landlord. My question is can I sell my house with her been on HAP. To be fair, he made a good point, the council gives an empty house with nothing in it but they will pick on a landlord over the smallest things. Most states require a landlord to give a tenant anywhere from 30-60 notice informing a tenant that tenancy will end and they need to move out. Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) is a new social housing support for all applicants on the housing list. I have a tenant in the house om HAP the last 2 years. a. Termination notice. One of the biggest issues tenants face is their landlords planning to sell the property in which they live. It can be devastating to receive a notice from your landlord that he or she is selling the home in which you live. Sep 24, 2021 · The Housing Assistance Payment is a form of housing support provided by your local authority. go above the HAP rent limit by up to 35% outside the Dublin area. Nov 1, 2023 · The following are the rights that your landlord must honor if they choose to sell the property in which you’re residing in. It gives more supports to tenants than the regular HAP scheme. 2) you are obliged to accept HAP. Landlords will be asked to sign a Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) contract with the City. HAP will replace Rent Supplement for those with a long term housing need. You may worry about what will happen and if you will be out in the cold. State the grounds for ending the tenancy (if the tenancy has lasted for more than 6 months or is a fixed term tenancy . RAS tenancies are covered by residential tenancies legislation, so your landlord must follow the normal However, if the tenant objects, the landlord or landlord’s agent cannot force their way into the home and cannot harass the tenant. You will get a list of these May 31, 2023 · No Lease/End of Lease: If a tenant remains at the rental property after the rental term has expired, the landlord may issue a 30-Day Notice to Quit, regardless of the type of tenancy. Español. Receive any charges associated with the property (this means taxes and duties or payments) Terminate a tenancy during the first 6 months without giving a reason. You do not have to own the property to claim the relief. Jul 1, 2020 · HAP Tenant Information Booklet. Oct 23, 2023 · Hi, Can anyone please give me some advice. SELLING & PURCHASING SECTION 8 UNITS. All of above quickly leads on to 6) if you are selling the house - you can terminate 5 days ago · In this guide, we’ll cover everything landlords need to know about the process, from providing notice to tenants about the sale of the property to understanding the implications of a 120-day notice to sell in California. Hi. Last updated on 1 November 2021. When you have security of tenure, your landlord can only terminate Oct 6, 2023 · Right to a well-maintained property. ie. This booklet aims to answer questions that you, as a tenant, might have about the Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) scheme. ” Clinging to the List. Rent payments to landlords. English. A sale or transfer of a section 8 unit will initiate the May 3, 2024 · Renter’s Rights for Repairs in Hawaii. If your landlord decides to sell you have to Information for landlords Types of properties needed We need all types of properties for all kinds of households and family sizes. It's a grand place, the rent is reasonable. Email: HAP@kerrycoco. Under Illinois law, if a written or oral rental agreement exists, or if payment is accepted as rent, landlords and tenants have automatic rights and responsibilities under 765 ILCS 705-750, such as the right to timely rent payments and a livable dwelling. The HAP contract only applies to the household and contract unit specified in Part A of the HAP contract. You paid your rent to the council and they paid the landlord. Proof of ownership/entitlement to How to qualify. For Section 8, you should expect at least 7 days for an inspection, maybe 30 if you require repairs. The ‘landlord and tenant’ relationship is between you and the HAP tenant. Under HAP, local authorities can provide housing assistance to people with a long-term housing need, including many long-term Rent Supplement recipients. This is the date the notice is posted, or hand delivered. 3. Find Your Local Authority To be eligible for HAP, you must first apply for and be approved for social housing support by your local authority. The Homeless HAP scheme helps people who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless. As part of their application process, you, the landlord of the property, must send certain in. The Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF) is a federal program that was intended to help homeowners who were financially impacted by COVID-19. You must send certain […] The terms and conditions below are not the full and complete terms and conditions. If you are selling, the lease transfers over to the new owners and they have to follow the terms of it. Jun 11, 2024 · Our service is 100% free, with no catch. If a new owner wants to move in, he can evict you under Rent Ordinance § 37. The right to remain on the property until the end of the lease agreement. If you are eligible and approved for HAP, your local authority will make a monthly payment directly to your landlord, on the last Wednesday of each month. VICTORIA. Even if the landlord offers you a payout to vacate, you have the right to refuse. Get Homeowner Assistance Fund help. doc. This means they do not need a reason to evict you, but they still have to follow the correct process. 5) your builder friends are telling you the house is absolutely perfect. If you move into a property before this, you will have to pay any rent due yourself, directly to your landlord. Options. This accommodation should be within HAP rent limits. The Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) scheme is a local authority-provided social housing support that works for landlords, agents and tenants alike… Homeless HAP The Homeless HAP scheme helps people who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless… HAP Shared Services Centre. It is important to know that HAP payments are made to your landlord by the HAP Shared Services Centre in Limerick, on behalf of your local authority. With this scheme, the local authority can buy the home from the landlord and you can continue to rent Return the tenant’s deposit promptly at the end of the tenancy, unless lawfully withheld. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to provide rental assistance to low-income individuals and families. The money for the program is limited. Ultimately, as a tenant, your rights are protected during a property sale. HAP is a form of social housing support provided by all local authorities. Right of first refusal to buy the property (situation- and location-dependent) FAQs. HAP Shared Services Centre. This information will include: The total amount of the monthly rent. The tenancy will be governed by the terms of the Residential Tenancies Act 2004 (as amended). Arizona law requires that landlords provide their tenants with a 2 days’ advance notice prior to entry. 28 May 2023. Published on 3 August 2020. 99%+ rent payment rate. LEGISLATION IS BEING drawn up to ensure that landlords selling a property May 9, 2024 · The Bottom Line on Landlord Selling House – Tenants’ Rights UK. This contract is between the City and the Landlord. You have the same rights if your landlord dies and their relative: becomes your new landlord or. On a Facebook group with 48,000 members, HAP tenants and landlords from different parts of Ireland recently expressed different views about how the HAP scheme works. HAP properties, like other rental properties, must comply with The HAP limits were last reviewed in July 2016 while the national average rent has increased 45% between then and Q1 2022. The Housing Authority will prepare the HAP Contract and a required HUD Tenancy Addendum, based on information provided in the Request for Tenancy Approval. c. But I don't think I will get the place because I mentioned HAP. If the landlord decided to sell or whatever council were obliged to house you. Tenant seems to think this will happen over the next few weeks. The landlord must provide proof of ownership of the property in one of the documents listed in the application checklist on the HAP Application Form. pay rent in advance to your landlord or agent. HAP Limerick. Cork. I've tried looking for info regarding this but I've come up against a brick wall. The tenancy continues as normal. Jul 14, 2023 · Right #2: Advance Notice before Landlord Entry. Hawaii landlords must perform necessary repairs in a timely manner. If the tenant refuses to allow lawful access, the landlord may obtain injunctive relief from a court to compel access or may terminate the rental agreement under ORS 90. May 10, 2024 · “Your peer in their local authority house living there for 50 years never has their income assessed. If a tenant terminates a tenancy early, a landlord can deduct for losses incurred. See the attached Landlord documents below for more detailed information. This is another right you must observe when you’re looking to sell the property your tenant is residing in. Your rights stay the same. The amount of time allowed for repairs depends on the specific issue, but in most cases it’s twelve business days. The Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) scheme is a local authority-provided social housing support that works for landlords, agents and tenants alike… Homeless HAP The Homeless HAP scheme helps people who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless… Dec 5, 2023 · When a landlord sells a rental property in Florida, they must provide proper notice to tenants. Proof that you own the property which you intend to rent. You can also get the relief if you rent out a self-contained unit, such as a basement flat or a converted garage. Plus, we’ll include a template for a notice of intent to sell, simplifying this crucial step. I have a long term HAP tenant. The entry time must also be within normal business hours, or as agreed by both Jan 12, 2022 · Even if your landlord is selling the property, they still have to follow the rules set out in your tenancy agreement. There is a separate Tenant in Situ Scheme if you are getting the Housing Assistance Payment or are on the Rental Accommodation Scheme and have a landlord who is selling the home you are renting. If repairs aren’t made in a timely manner, Hawaii tenants can sue for costs, or a court order to force the landlord to Apr 12, 2022 · Your landlord must give you 30 days' notice if they wish to terminate your lease at the end of your tenancy agreement. Under RAS, your landlord signs a contract with the local authority to provide housing for an agreed amount of time. The right to have the new landlord honor the lease terms, including charging the same rent amount as before and returning the security deposit If your landlord plans to sell. After the sale, the landlord must transfer the security deposit to the new If you have a short assured tenancy, your landlord can use a section 33 notice at the end of your fixed term. The tenant is not a party to this contract. This happens whether the previous landlord has told the new owner about the tenancy or not. So anyways the landlord doesn't accept HAP. The HAP contract is entered to provide assistance for the family under the Section 8 voucher program (see HUD program regulations at family is responsible, and that is not caused by the 24 Code of Federal Regulations Part 982). Get Started. Am I in trouble now. When the HAP application is approved, the local authority will start making HAP payments on the last Wednesday of each month directly into your bank account subject to the scheme’s conditions. Photograph: Getty Images/Image Source Tue Feb 11 2020 - 06:00 Microsoft Word - Selling a Section 8 property. A landlord has the right to sell the property at any time, and they As mentioned above, a friend of mine sold his house to the council, the HAP Tennant's stayed on after the sale as social housing Tennant's. The Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) is a form of social housing support for people who have a long-term housing need. The landlord must give a written notice of at least 30 days before the sale is complete. 392 (Termination of tenancy for cause) and Sep 25, 2013 · If you don’t move and the landlord sells the building with you in it, the new owner can increase the rent. Be in writing. Dec 1, 2023 · Rent-a-room relief lets you earn up to €14,000 per year tax-free if you rent out a room in your home to private tenants. Even occurring on a modest scale, this can have major implications for the affected families and the housing system in coping with an additional source of homelessness (Hearne and Murphy, 2017). If you are currently month-to-month, the new owner may give you 60-days (most likely, but 30 may be enough) notice. Tenants have rights that every landlord should be aware of before selling the property for sale. 3) you can't afford to upgrade the property. The Homeless HAP scheme is also known as the Place Finder Service. The questions often arise as to what their rights are, and what they can do about it. Right to occupy after a foreclosure. Last Updated: May 10, 2024 by Roberto Valenzuela. b. This covers the period of occupation of the property by the HAP tenant for that calendar month. HAP Contracts specify the number of units in a particular mortgaged property for which Section 8 assistance will be provided. If the property is being sold to another Tenancy and property. This ‘rent contribution’ is based on your household income. Tel: 061-556650. A sale or transfer of a section 8 unit will initiate the Oct 19, 2020 · If your landlord wants you to move out prior to an official sale, he merely has to provide you with proper notice to end tenancy and move out on a specified date. Receive the correct rent on the date it is due. You pay a weekly contribution towards the rent to the local authority. They'll just be renting from the council instead. If you have an assured tenancy, your landlord cannot use selling the property as a reason to evict you. Prior to the Renters Reform Bill, if a landlord wanted to sell the property at any point, they just needed to provide the tenants with a 2-month warning. Before you list your rental unit for sale, you’ll need to be familiar with California’s tenant notification requirements. ie or posted to the Residential Tenancies Board, PO Box 47 Clonakilty, Co. Published on 2 July 2020. The scheme is administered by the local authorities, who pay the landlords directly. According to the Georgia Department of Community Affairs, the law says a lease agreement transfers upon the sale of a property. What happens now. In this case the tenants get to remain until June 30th. These rights safeguard individuals against the difficulties of relocating or dealing with new management. 1. Your local authority will let you know what the rent limits are. Tenants can get a new landlord during their lease term, but this does not mean the original lease will suddenly be null and void. These extra supports include deposits and upfront rent payments to help homeless households find a suitable HAP tenancy. The HAP contract only applies to the household and Mar 7, 2023 · The First Home Scheme is to be amended to include tenants who wish to buy the property when their landlord is selling up. #1. So how do I go about things with future viewings? The Place Finder Service in your local authority may: help you to find a suitable property to rent. Your local authority will make the HAP payment, on your behalf, when they receive a valid application form from you and your landlord. Feb 6, 2023 · If you’re on a month-to-month lease, in most states, landlords are required to give a 30-day written notice to tenants to vacate if they decide to sell to a buyer or new landlord. If you do, you have the right to continue to occupy the unit until the end of the lease term, even if the new owner has other plans for the building. The landlord intends to sell the property within 9 months. The Polisher. Today, we’re going to be exploring the rights of tenants when their landlord chooses to sell the property in which they live, and what they can do Sep 21, 2023 · HAP, or Housing Assistance Payment, is a program administered by the U. Here are a few exceptions to the rule: If the tenant is on a month-to-month tenancy, the landlord can terminate the lease by giving a written notice of 30 days before the end of the month. Sep 6, 2022 · Tue Sep 06 2022 - 19:54. My hap tenant of several years notified me today (verbally) that LA will be providing house for them. Each state has a program and might still have funds available. Give tenants ample warning of your intent to sell. If your intent was to sell for January 1, it would have been better to have the lease term end at that Nov 27, 2018 · It is possible to show an apartment, screen tenants, and sign a lease in a weekend. Additional time may be required to calculate rent reasonableness and/or sign the paperwork. Under HAP, local authorities will make the full rent payment on behalf of the HAP recipient directly to the landlord. The new owner cannot just tell you to leave. May 10, 2024 · Illinois Landlord Tenant Rights. Speaking at the launch of a campaign to encourage Your landlord is the person you make the rental agreement with. You must be given at least 48 hours' notice if they wish t show prospective buyers the property, including having an open for inspection. Be signed by the landlord or authorised agent. This creates additional vacancy cost. This service is provided by the Housing Department, Kerry County Council located at Rathass, Tralee, Co Kerry V92 H7VT. Some cities have even more lenient Jun 10, 2022 · Security of tenure is a tenant’s right to stay in rented accommodation for a set amount of time. Since 1 December 2023, local authority tenants are Jan 9, 2024 · Right to Occupy the Unit After Sale. Be copied to the RTB at the same time as it is served on the tenant. The landlord still has property rights, including the right to sell the property at any time. Jan 19, 2018 · A house. ormation to the local authority. Current long-term Rent Separate scheme for people getting HAP or on RAS. Last updated on 24 September 2021. If you are within the initial term of your lease, which is usually a year with Section 8, then the owner must honor the lease. 00 apiece and another $4,817. Benefits of being a Homeless HAP landlord The benefits of being a Homeless HAP landlord include: Apply You must contact your local authority to apply to become a HAP landlord. 2. 00 if you are disabled, with 60 days to vacate. Material Health/Safety Violation: Tenants who violate a health, safety, building, or housing code shall be given a 7-Day Notice to Quit. HAP Payments are based on the number of people in a household and the rental market in the locality. Your tenancy remains valid, and you cannot be evicted simply because the landlord wishes to sell their tenanted property. In return, you pay a contribution towards your rent to the local authority. Your local authority will make a monthly HAP payment directly to your landlord, on the last Wednesday of each month. Landlord Payment Queries ONLY. go above the HAP rent limit by up to 50% inside the Dublin area. HAP payments are made regardless of a change in tenant income. Nevertheless, an increase of the HAP base Aug 16, 2018 · Landlords are just turning around and saying, 'Someone else is after coming in with cash'. Viewing notice. The rent being charged for the accommodation must be within the limits for the household type in that local authority’s area – see ‘ What are May 24, 2023 · Yes, you can legally sell a rental property even if it is occupied by tenants in Colorado. The HAP payment is subject to terms In Ontario, tenants cannot be evicted because a landlord is listing their property for sale. This is a HAP contract between the PHA and the owner. pay the deposit for a property to your landlord or agent. This means that the HAP tenant is your tenant and is not a tenant of the local authority. Communicate with the tenants: It is important to communicate with the tenants and let them know Landlords are asked to attach the Notice of Termination to a completed Notice of Termination return form to assist the RTB in linking the Notice to the relevant tenancy. The HAP scheme. When an Owner/Landlord decides to sell their Section 8 unit they have certain responsibilities that must be met in order for SMHA to make the necessary changes that will result from the sale. Just wondering has anyone experience of selling a house directly to the county council. looks after your tenancy while your landlord's estate is The This is a HAP contract between the PHA and the owner. The HAP contract is entered to provide assistance for the family under the Section 8 voucher program (see HUD program regulations at 24 Code of Federal Regulations Part 982). If you get a social welfare payment at a post office, you must pay your HAP Your landlord will need to complete and sign part of the HAP application form. “It gets so much that I actually just stopped for two, three weeks because I couldn’t bear to keep Dec 12, 2023 · A private landlord can sell a property that has tenants living in it. The real issue is the HAP contract (contract Initiatives available to you if you would like to rent or sell your property Your payments. Among the U. Technically you don’t need an estate agent either as you can call the city council directly. In that case you and your wife will be entitled to $7,225. Nov 10, 2021 · November 10, 2021. Tenancy. I did find out though that tenant is ty in the private rental sector. This includes your right to ‘peaceful enjoyment’ as a tenant. The whole point of those schemes (both the ordinary one and the RAS/HAP one) is so that the current tenant can remain in the property instead of having to vacate due to the sale, so the council won't be kicking your parents out. In the case of a fixed term lease the lease follows the property, not the landlord. Mar 28, 2023 · HAP tenant getting council house. They will inspect and value the property and you accept of your happy. Ideally the council would buy with tenant in situ. Selling your rental property can be Feb 11, 2020 · Landlords should provide tenants with a notice of termination when selling an investment property. This information will include the following: The full monthly rent total. Other question I have please. Published on 1 July 2020. Nov 25, 2023 · Selling a house is a challenging process in itself, but selling an occupied house with tenants adds another layer of difficulty. Ownership of the property the subject of the HAP payment. Only fees are your legal fees then. Hap the council pay a portion of your rent. Mar 28, 2023. Tenants have rights, even after a property sale. Tenants have the right to occupy the house when the landlord sells the property. Right to file suit in small claims court. HAP is available in all local authority areas and will eventually replace long-term Rent Supplement. Local authorities have limited flexibility to go above HAP rent limits in some cases. However, in the future, the responsibilities of HUD as Contract Administrator under the HAP Contracts may be assumed by other HUD offices or by Public Housing Agencies. Sep 29, 2023 · Tenants can’t be evicted if the landlord wants to sell the property within the first six months of tenancy. From Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage. The Housing Assistance Payment allows you to work full-time, while still receiving housing support. Tel: 066 7183855. I'm not really Feb 27, 2014 · A new owner will take ownership subject to the lease. They were long term contracts. S. Phone: +353 61 556600 Option 1 for tenants Option 2 for landlords. This booklet aims to answer questions that you, as a landlord (or an agent acting on behalf of a landlord), might have about the Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) scheme. The applicant HAP tenant must have a tenancy which is agreed in good faith for the How to apply for HAP. Once a landlord and Section 8 participant have agreed to become landlord and renter, there are some important documents that must be completed. Under HAP, local authorities can provide housing assistance to households with a long-term housing need, including many long-term Rent Supplement recipients. For the full version of the terms and conditions please see your signed Rent Contribution Agreement. Oct 25, 2022 · HAP Tenants are required to find their own accommodation traditionally, on the private rental market. Your landlord cannot show prospective buyers around the property without your permission, and neither can estate agents. The new landlord must fulfil their obligations as described in the new tenancy HAP Tenant Payments. HAP General Queries 061 556000 (Customer Services) Please Note: HAP Limerick only deals with HAP queries relating to the area of Limerick city and county. The new owner becomes the tenant’s new landlord. It is calculated in the same way as This contract sets forth the terms of payment to the landlords who participate in the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher program. The property is no longer suited to your needs, for example, if it is too small. Once a HAP tenant applies for your property, you (the landlord) must send your local authority certain information. 9 (a) (8). They have to take the right legal steps to end your tenancy. 4) you took on a tenant a year ago and the inspection was yesterday. Read More. Persons applying for HAP (Housing Assistance Payment) must be a qualified housing applicant (s) before they can apply for HAP. I want to sell my house. You can return Part B of the HAP application form with the relevant information. For general queries not relating to payments please contact your Local Authority Your tenancy keeps going if your landlord sells your home. The notice should inform tenants of the sale and the new owner’s name and address. A landlord can deduct any rent arrears, outstanding bills, or the cost of damages in excess of normal wear and tear to the dwelling. It can be emailed to NoticeofTermination@rtb. Tenants cannot be made to move out in advance of a property sale. Select Council: Show AllCarlow County CouncilCavan County CouncilClare County CouncilCork City CouncilCork County CouncilDonegal County CouncilDublin City CouncilDun Laoghaire Rathdown County CouncilFingal County CouncilGalway City CouncilGalway County Apr 19, 2022 · The Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) will only be paid to a landlord under these terms and conditions. If the tenant is in a lease, the new owner assumes the tenant; if the tenant is month-to-month, the new buyer can give 60 days’ notice of their intention to move into the property. Where monthly rent Your rights as a landlord. However, the new legislation aims to somewhat strengthen the position of sitting The Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) scheme is a local authority-provided social housing support that works for landlords, agents and tenants alike… Homeless HAP The Homeless HAP scheme helps people who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless… Jul 2, 2020 · HAP Landlord Information Booklet. Government’s various types of affordable housing Programs, Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) makes housing more affordable for those who Microsoft Word - Selling a Section 8 property. Check the lease agreement: Review the lease agreement to see if any clauses would prevent you from selling the property while it is still occupied by tenants. The Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) is a social housing support for people who have a long-term housing need. Threshold welcomed the increase to the discretionary rate which can be paid by the Local Authorities and the increase of the single person’s rate to that of couples, in July 2022. Right to a 30-day window to vacate after the property sells. I'm very worried. You have the right to: Set the rent. May 28, 2023 · Messages. You must find your own accommodation in the private rented market. I think after a few years they can buy the house outright once they are employed. as of 1 January 2016, landlords who rent to tenants in receipt of Dec 23, 2023 · In some situations, a landlord may not be required to give notice to their tenant before selling the property. Schedule a property inspection. Please note that if there are any differences between the Aug 3, 2020 · Housing Assistance Payment Scheme - Landlord Terms and Conditions. Jul 30, 2021 · The benefits for landlords and agents include: HAP landlords are paid monthly by Local Authorities on a tenant’s behalf. They will tell you straight out if they are interested and the ball starts rolling from there. If the monthly rent agreed with your landlord is more than the HAP rent limit for your household, you must pay the difference 1) house fails HAP. However, if your landlord decides to sell their property, they can terminate the contract. 14. Where should I send my completed HAP application form? If you are on Dublin City Council’s housing list completed application forms and documentation must be emailed to [email protected] or posted to HAP Section, Block 2 Floor 2, Civic Offices, Wood Quay, Dublin 8 May 12, 2021 · HAP landlords are free to end their lease at the end of the contract, to sell the property or to put it back on the rental market outside the HAP scheme. Minister for Housing Darragh O’Brien has urged local authorities to purchase homes where a tenant is facing eviction. They must send you written notice at Housing Assistance Payment (HAP) Scheme. vv np qi sj zx bo yz ys lg fl